Filter by sector. Every entry lists the mechanism, the form and dose, the price tier, and where it stands commercially. Entries marked shipping have product in the field today.
Concrete & cementshipping
Nanoplatelets seed cement hydration and bridge microcracks. Documented gains of about a third in compressive strength at doses under 0.1 percent of cement weight, and blended designs cut the concrete's own carbon footprint by up to half. The world places 14 billion cubic meters a year, so this is the one end market bigger than any plant.
Form: dispersion / dry admixTier: $12,000–60,000/tDeployed: structural pours at working utility sites; a top-tier cement producer ships graphene-enhanced cement
Asphalt & roadsshipping
Graphene-modified bitumen resists rutting and fatigue cracking, extending pavement life. Already down on high-traffic public roads and an international airport runway apron in Europe; the first flash-graphene public road went in during 2025. Roads are bought by specification, which makes a state paving spec the reference contract that turns a plant into a company.
Form: polymer composite pellet, ~3% of mixTier: $6,000–12,000/t blendedDeployed: public roads, airport, test tracks
Structural composites & rebar alternativesscaling
Graphene-reinforced polymer composites offer corrosion-free reinforcement and lighter structural sections for bridges, precast elements, and marine structures where steel rusts. The same mechanism strengthens wind turbine blades and modular building panels.
Form: resin masterbatch, 0.5–3%Tier: $14,000–25,000/tDriver: corrosion cost and weight
Tires & rubbershipping
Partial replacement of carbon black at 5 to 15 percent loading improves wear, grip, and rolling resistance together, a combination rubber chemists usually trade off. One major tire maker reports 9 percent better rolling performance, 32 percent better grip, and 21 percent better puncture resistance, and now runs graphene compounds in every road tire it sells. Carbon black itself is a 14 million tonne a year market, which makes this the volume endgame.
Form: powder / masterbatchTier: $6,000–12,000/tDeployed: commercial tire lines
Automotive & aerospace compositesscaling
In carbon-fiber laminates and engineering plastics, graphene raises interlaminar strength, adds lightning-strike and EMI protection, and sheds weight. Aerospace grades command the highest prices in the entire catalog and carry the longest qualification cycles, including defense standards work.
Form: prepreg / resin additiveTier: $300,000–400,000/t aerospace; $14,000–25,000/t autoDeployed: qualified auto tier-one parts; aerospace in qualification
Battery anodes (graphite)scaling
Every 100 kWh battery pack carries roughly a tonne of graphite, and nearly all of it is refined in one country. A CO₂-derived, domestically produced graphitic carbon tuned to anode morphology walks into a supply chain actively looking for exactly that. The anode market is about a million tonnes a year and growing with every gigafactory.
Form: spherical graphitic carbonTier: $8,000–15,000/tGate: 18–24 month cell-maker qualification
Conductive additives & silicon anodesscaling
At half a percent to two percent in electrode slurries, graphene cuts cell resistance measurably. The richer prize is silicon: silicon anodes swell and crack on cycling, and a graphene coating at 20 to 30 percent by weight is what holds them together. Silicon-graphene composite anodes are the highest-value near-term battery product in the catalog.
Form: functionalized platelets / dispersionsTier: $30,000–100,000/tBuyers: cell makers scaling silicon lines now
Supercapacitors & fast storageemerging
With 2,630 square meters of surface per gram, graphene electrodes store charge at the surface rather than in chemistry, charging in seconds and cycling millions of times. The fit is grid smoothing, regenerative braking, and backup power where batteries wear out.
Form: high-surface-area powder / filmTier: $100,000+/tStatus: commercial niches, growing
Chips & electronicsemerging
The candid tiering: what ships today is thermal films inside flagship phones, printed conductive inks, and EMI shielding. What is in the lab is the bigger story, with electron mobility far beyond silicon, wafer-scale growth demonstrations, graphene interconnects, and photonic modulators. Silicon replacement is a long horizon; sitting inside the package, moving heat and blocking interference, is now.
Form: CVD film / inks / plateletsTier: $150,000–500,000/t equivalentStatus: packaging today, transistors tomorrow
Thermal management & data centersscaling
Graphene films and pastes spread heat several times faster than copper at a fraction of the weight, which is why phone makers already laminate them over processors. The same physics serves GPU thermal interface materials and AI accelerator packaging. For SAVRN this is the adjacency that closes a loop: the carbon our power infrastructure captures can cool the compute it feeds.
Form: films, pastes, TIM sheetsTier: $100,000–500,000/tDeployed: consumer devices; data-center products in development
Sensors & printed electronicsscaling
Every atom of a graphene sheet is surface, so anything that touches it changes its conductivity. That makes the most sensitive practical strain, gas, and biosensor platform known, printable as ink on flexible substrates for structural health monitoring, wearables, and industrial IoT.
Form: conductive inks / functionalized filmTier: $150,000+/tStatus: commercial inks shipping
Fibers & textilesshipping
Spun into polymer yarn or coated onto fabric, graphene spreads body heat evenly, dissipates static, blocks UV, and suppresses bacterial growth without silver. Commercial apparel lines already ship graphene-treated jackets, activewear, and workwear membranes. Add conductivity and the fabric itself becomes the sensor, which is the entry point for clothing that monitors heart rate or posture without wires.
Form: fiber masterbatch / fabric coatingTier: $30,000–80,000/tDeployed: consumer apparel and technical textiles
Sporting goodsshipping
Rackets, skis, bicycle frames, running-shoe plates, and golf shafts already use graphene for stiffness-to-weight the customer can feel. Small tonnage, strong margins, and consumer-visible branding that pulls the rest of the catalog along.
Form: resin / composite additiveTier: $25,000–80,000/tDeployed: multiple consumer brands
Anti-corrosion coatingsshipping
Graphene platelets in epoxy and polyurethane form an impermeable barrier that multiplies corrosion life three to five times. Pipelines, ships, offshore wind towers, and storage tanks are the buyers, and corrosion costs the global economy trillions a year, so the pull is structural.
Form: 1–3% in primer formulationsTier: $30,000–100,000/tDeployed: commercial primer platforms
EMI / RFI shieldingscaling
Conductive graphene films, foils, and adhesives block electromagnetic interference for 5G and 6G equipment, radar, drones, and satellites, replacing heavier metal shielding. Defense and telecom spend is pulling this segment faster than most.
Form: films / adhesives / conductive foamTier: $100,000–500,000/tStatus: commercial JVs shipping product
Lubricants & frictionemerging
Atom-thin sheets shear past each other almost without resistance, so trace graphene in oils and greases cuts friction and wear in bearings, gearboxes, and engines. A small-tonnage market with immediate, measurable payback for industrial operators.
Form: dispersion in base oilTier: $50,000+/tStatus: additive products on the market
Water & membranesemerging
Graphene oxide membranes pass water while rejecting salts and contaminants, promising desalination at lower pressure and energy than polyamide membranes. The same selectivity is being engineered for gas separation, including membranes that pick CO₂ out of mixed streams, a neat closing of the loop for a capture site.
Form: GO laminate membranesTier: $500,000+/tStatus: pilots; the patent race is active
Biomedicalemerging
Graphene biosensors detect disease markers at vanishing concentrations; graphene oxide carries drugs to targets; antibacterial wound dressings and implant coatings exploit the same surface chemistry. Volumes are tiny, margins are the highest in the catalog, and the regulatory road is measured in years, which is exactly why it belongs at the end of the roadmap rather than the start.
Form: medical-grade GO / functionalized filmTier: $1,000,000+/t equivalentGate: medical device approval pathways
Agriculture & soil carbonemerging
Graphene-coated fertilizers release nutrients slowly, cutting runoff; carbon soil amendments improve water retention and lock carbon in the ground as a working input rather than buried waste. Low price, unlimited volume, and a second carbon-removal story on the same molecule.
Form: coated granules / bulk carbonTier: $1,000–5,000/tStatus: field trials